Atmospheric Wind Flow Analysis Around Villa Complex: ANSYS Fluent CFD Tutorial

This comprehensive CFD study examines external atmospheric wind interaction with a residential villa complex using ANSYS Fluent computational software. The villa configuration includes multiple residential structures with integrated courtyard spaces surrounded by an atmospheric flow domain. The simulation analyzes wind patterns at 3 m/s velocity under standard atmospheric pressure conditions. The wind approaches the villa at an oblique angle, requiring velocity decomposition into orthogonal coordinate components for accurate boundary condition specification.

The incoming wind maintains a 20-degree inclination relative to the y-axis, producing velocity components of 2.817 m/s in the positive y-direction (3×cos(20°)) and 1.026 m/s in the negative x-direction (3×sin(20°)). The computational setup illustrates the problem configuration with Cartesian coordinate reference and wind vector orientation.

Villa Complex Modeling and Grid Generation

The three-dimensional computational domain was developed using Design Modeler software, encompassing the villa complex within a rectangular atmospheric flow region. The villa features multiple buildings connected by courtyard areas. The computational domain utilizes a cuboidal flow region with two lateral surfaces designated as velocity inlets aligned with the wind angle, while opposite surfaces serve as pressure outlets for flow discharge.

Grid generation was accomplished using ANSYS Meshing software with an unstructured mesh approach containing 1,825,278 computational elements. Enhanced mesh refinement near building surfaces ensures accurate boundary layer resolution and improved flow prediction around architectural features.

Computational Fluid Dynamics Implementation

The numerical simulation incorporates the following modeling framework:

Simulation Parameters:

• Pressure-based solver implementation
• Isothermal flow analysis (thermal effects excluded)
• Steady-state flow conditions
• Gravitational effects neglected

Turbulence Modeling:

• Standard k-epsilon turbulence model
• Standard wall function treatment for near-wall regions

Boundary Configuration:

• Inlet boundaries: Velocity specification with decomposed wind components
  • x-velocity: -1.026 m/s
  • y-velocity: 2.817 m/s
  • z-velocity: 0 m/s
• Outlet boundaries: Atmospheric pressure conditions (0 Pascal gauge)
• Building surfaces: No-slip wall boundaries

Numerical Methods:

• SIMPLE pressure-velocity coupling algorithm
• Second-order spatial discretization for all transport equations
• Standard initialization matching inlet flow conditions

Villa Wind Flow Simulation Results

Upon computational convergence, comprehensive flow visualization is generated including two-dimensional and three-dimensional pressure and velocity contour distributions, supplemented by detailed velocity vector field representations. Cross-sectional analysis encompasses XY, YZ, and XZ planes to provide complete characterization of the three-dimensional wind flow patterns around the villa complex.