Wall Wavy Motion CFD Simulation, Dynamic Mesh, ANSYS FluentDescriptionThis project simulates flow behavior within a channel featuring a non-stationary, wavy bottom wall using ANSYS Fluent's dynamic mesh capabilities. The 2D channel geometry was designed in Design Modeler and meshed in ANSYS Meshing using an unstructured grid, with mesh quality specifically optimized to support the dynamic deformation required by this simulation.MethodologyThe dynamic mesh model governs the wavy wall's motion, implemented through a Grid Motion UDF that prescribes the wall's oscillating displacement over time. The mesh zone directly above this non-stationary wall was assigned the Deforming option, allowing it to continuously adjust as the wall moves through its wave cycle. Given the inherently time-dependent nature of this wave-induced flow, the simulation was configured as transient, with solver settings and time-stepping strategy tuned to maintain both accuracy and stability throughout the deforming-mesh solution process.ConclusionThe results capture how the channel's continuously changing cross-section — driven by the wavy wall's motion — shapes the resulting velocity and pressure fields over time. Time-varying pressure and velocity contours, along with accompanying animations, reveal the close coupling between the wall's oscillation and the flow's evolving behavior: as the wall's wave motion narrows and widens the channel cross-section, velocity and pressure respond correspondingly, producing a clear, time-dependent flow pattern directly tied to the prescribed wall movement. These results illustrate the core mechanics of dynamic-mesh-driven wave propagation in a bounded channel, providing a foundation for analyzing similar non-stationary boundary problems in hydraulic and fluid-structure interaction applications.

Falling Objects into Water CFD Simulation, Dynamic Mesh, ANSYS Fluent TrainingDescriptionThis project simulates the fluid flow generated by two cubes falling into water using the dynamic mesh method in ANSYS Fluent. The 2D geometry was designed in Design Modeler, with two cubes positioned within a square domain, set to fall into the underlying fluid under gravitational acceleration. The domain was meshed in ANSYS Meshing, totaling 8,727 elements, with a transient solver enabled given the dynamic mesh approach required for this problem.MethodologyIn problems where mesh cell location and shape change over time, the dynamic mesh model is essential to prevent severe deterioration in element quality. Smoothing and remeshing methods regenerate higher-quality elements as the original mesh becomes distorted and unsuitable for continued calculation.The two cubes begin at rest in the air above the domain; once the simulation starts, they fall and collide with the free surface separating water and air, with this two-phase behavior captured using the VOF multiphase model. A UDF governs the cubes' motion toward the water surface based on gravitational acceleration, while turbulence is resolved using the standard k-epsilon model.ConclusionResults include 2D contours of velocity, pressure, turbulent viscosity, and streamlines throughout the domain. As the cubes move downward and generate a sloshing effect, pressure rises progressively along their path of movement, peaking sharply at the tank's corners and at the cubes' own sharp edges, while dropping to a minimum along the cubes' vertical faces — a direct result of flow separation induced by their motion through the fluid.The kinetic energy contour further reveals elevated average kinetic energy concentrated around the cubes, driven by the vortices generated as they move through the fluid — a clear sign of increased turbulence resulting from the falling motion. These wake regions are also clearly visible in the accompanying streamline and vector plots, illustrating how the cubes' descent reshapes the surrounding flow field.

DescriptionThis project simulates a floating solar panel system, a photovoltaic installation deployed on a water surface rather than on land, using ANSYS Fluent. Floating this way brings several advantages over conventional ground-mounted panels: the water's cooling effect improves energy output, land use is freed up for other purposes, and the panel coverage helps reduce evaporation and limit algae growth on the water body beneath it. The simulation is fully 3D, capturing the panel floating on the water surface as it responds to the surrounding air and water phases. The geometry, comprising the water tank and floating panel, is built in SpaceClaim and meshed in ANSYS Meshing with a grid of 479,895 cells.MethodologyWater and air are modeled as two interacting phases using the Volume of Fluid (VOF) multiphase model, capturing the free surface the panel floats on. Because the panel needs to move and settle naturally under buoyancy, a 6-degree-of-freedom dynamic mesh is used, allowing the panel to float freely, with remeshing and smoothing keeping the mesh valid as it moves. Radiation is also activated, using the Discrete Ordinates model, to capture how sunlight reaches and heats the panel surface.AnalysisThe volume fraction contour shows a clean, stable interface between air and water, indicating the panel maintains steady buoyancy without disruptive interface instabilities that could otherwise compromise its floating stability and energy generation. The incident radiation contour shows a largely uniform distribution of sunlight across the panel surface, supporting consistent energy output, while the temperature distribution shows a stable thermal profile with no significant hotspots, suggesting the design avoids the localized heating that would otherwise degrade efficiency or panel materials over time. Together, these results indicate the floating panel system performs reliably in its intended floating, sun-exposed environment.

DescriptionThis project simulates a floating vessel's motion on water using the dynamic mesh method in ANSYS Fluent. The vessel is positioned at the center of a three-part computational domain, designed so its center of gravity sits along the vertical axis for simulation convenience. The geometry is built in 3D in Design Modeler, and meshed in ANSYS Meshing with an unstructured grid near the vessel and a structured grid elsewhere, totaling 902,808 elements.MethodologyBecause the vessel's motion requires the mesh to deform continuously around it, the Dynamic Mesh model is used, combining smoothing, which adjusts mesh boundaries without changing node count or connectivity, with remeshing, which reconstructs cells that become too distorted when boundary displacement is large relative to local cell size. The domain is divided into a small moving zone around the vessel, a surrounding deforming zone, and a larger stationary outer zone, with the vessel and its moving zone treated as a rigid body via the Six Degrees of Freedom (6-DOF) model. Since the vessel is physically constrained to only vertical translation and rotation about its central axis, a UDF restricts the 6-DOF motion down to these two degrees of freedom, with the vessel's center of gravity and rotation axis specified explicitly in the rigid body setup. The water and air phases are captured with the VOF multiphase model, air above and water below, both entering horizontally at 1.44 m/s and exiting at atmospheric pressure, with an Open Channel boundary condition at the outlet defining the water level. Given the fundamentally time-dependent nature of dynamic mesh motion, the simulation runs transient, covering 7 seconds at a 0.01 second time step.AnalysisThe results include 2D pressure contours on the vessel and 2D velocity and volume fraction contours in the surrounding air-water region, taken at the final second of the simulation, along with time-history plots of the vessel's vertical displacement and rotation angle over the full 7 seconds. These plots show the oscillation amplitude in both displacement and rotation decreasing over time, with the vessel's motion becoming effectively damped by the seventh second. At that point, the vessel settles near a vertical position of z = 0.021 and a rotation angle of Y_theta = -1.338, indicating it reaches a stable floating equilibrium consistent with the physical damping expected in this kind of fluid-structure interaction.

Speaker Sound Generation and Propagation Inside a Pipe CFD Simulation, ANSYS FluentDescriptionSound generation in a speaker involves several sequential steps. An incoming electrical signal is sent to a coil, generating a fluctuating magnetic field that interacts with a permanent magnet's field, causing the coil to move rapidly back and forth. This coil is attached to a diaphragm, which displaces the surrounding air as it moves — pressurizing air as it moves forward and expanding it as it moves backward — generating pressure waves. These waves propagate through the air, and when they fall within the frequency range of human hearing, they are perceived as sound. The resulting sound's frequency matches that of the electrical input driving the coil, while its amplitude (loudness) depends on how far the diaphragm physically displaces.This project models a speaker diaphragm with a maximum displacement of 2 mm, vibrating in a sinusoidal pattern at 500 Hz. The diaphragm's resulting velocity profile was derived from this displacement function and implemented as a boundary condition through a custom UDF hooked into the dynamic mesh solver.Four receiver points were defined within the domain to track acoustic results at increasing distances from the speaker. The geometry was designed in SpaceClaim and meshed in ANSYS Meshing using a structured mesh totaling 687,500 elements.MethodologyTurbulence was modeled using the standard k-ε model. Diaphragm motion was captured using dynamic mesh: at each time step, the solver calculates the diaphragm's updated position and remeshes the surrounding domain using smoothing and layering methods to accommodate the moving boundary. The simulation ran as unsteady, using a time step of 0.001 s over 1000 total time steps.ConclusionResults include pressure and turbulence kinetic energy contours across the domain's central plane, along with an animation showing the evolving pressure field over time. Static pressure was extracted at each of the four receiver points, and the resulting Sound Pressure Level plots confirm that the generated sound's frequency matches the diaphragm's vibration frequency exactly at 500 Hz.The results also show a clear amplitude trend: as distance from the speaker increases across receivers 1 through 4, the amplitude of the pressure fluctuations — and correspondingly, the loudness of the sound — steadily decreases, consistent with the expected attenuation of sound pressure as it propagates downstream through the domain.

Gun Muffler CFD Simulation: Acoustic and Dynamic Mesh Analysis by ANSYS FluentDescriptionThis project simulates and analyzes the acoustic performance of a gun muffler using ANSYS Fluent, comparing gunshot noise characteristics with and without the muffler installed. The study combines dynamic mesh techniques with the Broadband acoustic model to capture both the bullet's motion through the barrel and muffler, and the resulting sound wave propagation.The gun and muffler geometry — including the barrel, bullet, and muffler components — was built in SpaceClaim, with the muffler specifically designed to reduce noise by altering the sound wave as it passes through. The domain was meshed with fine resolution concentrated in regions expecting high pressure and velocity gradients, particularly around the muzzle and within the muffler itself, to accurately capture the sound wave's interaction with the muffler's internal geometry.MethodologyThe bullet's movement through the barrel and muffler was captured using dynamic mesh, while the Broadband acoustic model captured the gunshot's acoustic signature and evaluated the muffler's noise suppression effectiveness. Appropriate inlet and outlet boundary conditions were set to represent the firing event and subsequent sound wave propagation, with a pressure-based solver run under transient conditions to capture the inherently dynamic nature of the problem.ConclusionThe results reveal a clear contrast between the muffled and unmuffled cases. Without the muffler, the simulation showed substantially higher sound pressure levels, reflecting significant noise generation from the gunshot; with the muffler installed, sound pressure levels dropped noticeably, confirming its effectiveness at noise suppression.Acoustic power level results reinforce this: with the muffler, levels peak at approximately 129 dB near the muffler outlet before dissipating to around 90 dB further downstream, while the unmuffled case (modeled as a simple cylinder) peaks considerably higher at 133 dB and remains elevated above 100 dB well downstream — a meaningfully wider and more persistent noise footprint.Pressure fluctuation results follow the same pattern. With the muffler, pressure peaks reach roughly 11,000 Pa near the outlet before settling back toward atmospheric pressure downstream. Without the muffler, pressure swings are far more extreme, reaching positive peaks above 13,600 Pa and negative swings down to -12,400 Pa, with these fluctuations persisting much further downstream.Together, these results confirm that the muffler substantially reduces both the acoustic power level and the amplitude of pressure fluctuations generated by the gunshot, quantifying its effectiveness as a noise suppression device. The dynamic mesh and Broadband acoustic modeling approach successfully captured the complex interaction between the bullet, the muffler geometry, and the resulting sound field, providing a solid basis for further work — such as optimizing muffler geometry or exploring alternative materials and configurations for enhanced noise reduction.

Diaphragm Pump CFD Simulation, ANSYS Fluent TrainingDescriptionThis project simulates a diaphragm pump using ANSYS Fluent. A pump is a mechanical device that transfers liquid from one location to another, drawing mechanical energy from an external source such as a motor and transferring it to the fluid passing through, thereby increasing the fluid's energy as it exits the pump.Pumps transfer this energy through either dynamic or displacement methods, dividing them into dynamic (non-positive displacement) pumps and positive displacement pumps — the latter further split into rotary types (gear, lobe, vane) and reciprocating types (piston, diaphragm). A diaphragm pump falls into this reciprocating category, using a flexible composite membrane that moves up and down over the working fluid: as the membrane rises, fluid is drawn in through the intake valve, and as it descends, fluid is pushed out through the outlet valve.This project models the water flow inside a diaphragm pump, focusing on capturing the membrane's reciprocating motion and its effect on the surrounding flow. Since this motion continuously alters the fluid domain, the computational mesh must deform correspondingly over time.The geometry was designed in Design Modeler, representing the pump's internal space along with the moving membrane, and meshed in ANSYS Meshing using an unstructured grid totaling 222,986 cells.MethodologySince a moving boundary or deforming zone is present, the dynamic mesh model was applied throughout the simulation. Here, the moving wall — the membrane — generates a wave-like motion that deforms the mesh over time, defined through a UDF implementing the Grid Motion approach to prescribe this wavy wall behavior.Given the membrane's reciprocating motion as a rigid body, the mesh region adjacent to it was assigned the Deforming option to accommodate this continuous change. Since the resulting fluid behavior is inherently time-dependent, the simulation was run using an unsteady (transient) solver.ConclusionResults include pressure and velocity contours, along with corresponding animations capturing how these fields evolve as the membrane moves through its cycle. The results confirm that pressure and velocity fluctuate continuously in direct response to the membrane's reciprocating motion — this motion drives fluid suction through the intake valve during the upstroke and compression toward the outlet valve during the downstroke, reproducing the diaphragm pump's core operating cycle.

FSI Analysis for a Ball in Water Flow — ANSYS Fluent CFD SimulationDescriptionThis project simulates a spherical ball immersed in water flow using ANSYS Fluent coupled with structural analysis through the Fluid–Solid Interaction (FSI) method. FSI is the central theme: rather than treating the ball as a rigid, unresponsive obstacle, the simulation couples the fluid solver with a structural solver so that the flow loads acting on the ball and the ball's structural response are computed together, each influencing the other. As the opening project of the FSI: Beginner CFD Training Package, it introduces the core idea of two-way coupling on the simplest possible geometry — a single body deforming under fluid load — establishing the workflow the airfoil, vessel, and turbine cases build on.MethodologyThe model is three-dimensional and was created in Design Modeler. It consists of a horizontal tube 0.02 m long and 0.001 m in diameter, with a spherical solid of 0.00009 m diameter placed inside it. Meshing was carried out in ANSYS Meshing with 20,192 elements, and because the coupled response evolves in time, a transient solver is used. The heart of the methodology is the two-way coupling between ANSYS Fluent and Transient Structural via System Coupling. Because the solid boundary responds to the flow, the mesh adjacent to it must change in step with that response, so dynamic mesh techniques are employed: smoothing keeps the number of nodes fixed and adjusts the mesh by moving or deforming the boundaries, while remeshing is invoked when boundary displacement becomes large relative to the local cell size, regenerating cells that have degraded beyond the acceptable quality limit. The pipe region is defined as stationary, and the wall of the ball is governed by system coupling with the structural solver. The flow enters the tube at 0.001 m/s and exits at atmospheric pressure. In the structural analysis, the spherical body's wall is designated as a fluid–solid interaction boundary, so it can respond to the water flow. The data exchange between the two solvers is defined in the System Coupling settings, where a boundary acting as a source in one solver is mapped to the same boundary as a target in the other: force is passed from the fluid side to the structural side, and the resulting displacement is passed from the structural side back to the fluid region. The standard k-ε model closes the turbulent flow equations.AnalysisAfter solving, the simulation yields two-dimensional contours of pressure and shear stress over the surface of the spherical body, along with contours of velocity and pressure around the ball on the mid-plane of the tube, all corresponding to the final second of the simulation. On the structural side, contours of deformation and elastic strain are also obtained. Together these show how the water flow imposes loads on the ball, how the ball deforms in response, and how that deformation feeds back into the flow field. By the end of this project, you'll be able to set up a two-way FSI simulation coupling ANSYS Fluent with Transient Structural through System Coupling, configure the force-and-displacement data transfer across the interface, apply dynamic mesh to track the deforming boundary, and interpret the coupled fluid and structural results that capture the mutual interaction between a flowing fluid and a deformable body.

DescriptionIn this project, we present a simulation of an Airfoil exposed to the airflow via ANSYS software.Since the airfoil is exposed to airflow, an interaction occurs between the wind blowing and the airfoil structure. First, the airflow exerts a volume force on the airfoil's body by hitting it. Subsequently, displacement or deformation appears on the airfoil, which can lead to the airflow being affected. Therefore, we intend to perform a numerical simulation of the airfoil as a Fluid-Structure Interaction (called FSI).The interaction between fluid and structure can be implemented as:One-way FSITwo-way FSIIn this project, we aim to analyze both the effect of fluid on the structure and the effect of the structure on the fluid. So, we choose Two-way FSI, which is a more accurate and realistic but more complex approach.We modeled the geometry via Design Modeler software. The computational domain is a sample space of the surrounding air that includes both fluid and solid domains. There is a solid airfoil structure within the fluid environment, which is considered fixed from the center.We meshed the computational domain via ANSYS Meshing software. The mesh is of an unstructured type, and approximately 56,000 cells have been generated.MethodologyFluid-structure interaction can be performed in two general methodologies:In the ANSYS Workbench environment, using an external solver (specifically, system coupling)Only in the Fluent solver (in the form of an intrinsic FSI).In this project, we implemented a two-way FSI in the ANSYS workbench environment.For two-way FSI with an external solver, three main steps are required:Simulation of the fluid domain from the model using the Fluent solverSimulation of the solid domain from the model using the Transient Structural solverDefinition of the Data Transfer between the fluid and structural solvers using the System Coupling toolFor utilizing the system coupling, we define two data transfers:In the form of Forces to the interface wall (from the fluid solver to the structural solver)In the form of Displacements of the interface wall (from the structural solver to the fluid solver)Since we were analyzing two-way FSI and considering the effect of the structure's displacement on the adjacent fluid, we used the Dynamic Mesh model. In other words, we establish a connection between the fluid and structure calculations with the System Coupling option. Then, for defining a deforming mesh, we enabled the smoothing and remeshing methods.In addition, because of the aerodynamic nature of the airfoil and the very high airflow velocity, we considered a density-based solver.ResultsWe analyzed the results in two fluid and solid approaches:In Fluent, we studied the behavior of airflow. For this, we obtained the distributions of the pressure and velocity of air. The results show that the airflow collides with the airfoil body at high speed and, as a result, exerts a hydraulic force on the airfoil structure.In Structural Transient, we studied the behavior of the airfoil body under the influence of the applied forces of the airflow. For this, we obtained the distribution of the deformation, von Mises stress, and elastic strain. The results confirm that the airflow affects the airfoil structure and, as a result, it undergoes displacements relative to the fixed center.In conclusion, we can claim that we carried out the simulation project of an airfoil correctly and acceptably by using the two-way FSI method.

DescriptionIn this project, we present a simulation of a Horizontal-Axis Water Turbine (HAWT) via ANSYS Fluent software.Since the turbine blades are exposed to water flow, an interaction occurs between the water flowing and the turbine blades' structure. First, the water flow exerts a hydraulic force on the blades' body by hitting it. Subsequently, displacement or deformation appears on the turbine, which can lead to the water flow being affected. Therefore, we intend to perform a numerical simulation of the water turbine as a Fluid-Structure Interaction (called FSI).The interaction between fluid and structure can be implemented as:One-way FSITwo-way FSIIn this project, we aim to analyze both the effect of fluid on the structure and the effect of the structure on the fluid. So, we choose Two-way FSI, which is a more accurate and realistic but more complex approach.We modeled the geometry via Design Modeler software. The computational domain is a sample space for water flow, in which a distinct fluid region is defined around the turbine body. The turbine is of the horizontal-axis type and includes three blades.We meshed the computational domain via ANSYS Meshing software. The mesh is of an unstructured type, and approximately 3,400,000 cells have been generated.MethodologyFluid-structure interaction can be performed in two general methodologies:In the ANSYS Workbench environment, using an external solver (specifically, system coupling)Only in the Fluent solver (in the form of an intrinsic FSI).In this project, we implemented a two-way FSI in the ANSYS Fluent environment. In other words, the Fluent solver performs both fluid and solid calculations simultaneously.For two-way FSI in Fluent solver, the Structure model is utilized. The structural model can be implemented in two ways:Linear elasticity: The deformation is proportional to the applied force. In this case, the deformations are usually small, and the calculation process is faster.Nonlinear elasticity: The deformation is not necessarily proportional to the applied force. In this case, the deformations are usually large, and the calculation process is more complex and time-consuming.In this project, we considered fluid-structure interaction in the form of a Linear Elasticity state.Since we were analyzing two-way FSI and considering the effect of structural displacement on the adjacent fluid, we used the Dynamic Mesh model. In other words, we establish a connection between the fluid and structural calculations with the Intrinsic FSI option. Then, we enabled the smoothing and remeshing methods to define a deformable mesh.In addition, we used the Multiple Reference Frame (MRF) to define a rotational flow with a certain angular velocity in the region around the turbine body.ResultsWe analyzed the results in two fluid and solid approaches:In a fluid view, we studied the behavior of water flow around the turbine. For this, we obtained the distributions of the pressure and velocity of water near the blades. The results show that the water flow collides with the rotating blades' body and, as a result, exerts a hydraulic force on the turbine structure.In a solid view, we studied the behavior of the turbine blades' body under the influence of the applied forces of the water flow. For this, we obtained the distribution of the von Mises stress and displacements (in all directions). The results confirm that the water flow affects the turbine blades' structure.In conclusion, we can claim that we carried out the simulation project of a HAWT correctly and acceptably by using the two-way FSI method.