Magnetic Field (MHD) Effect on Nanofluid Heat Transfer, 3-D
Price: $54
In this project, nanofluid flows in a solid aluminum channel in the presence of an applied magnetic field.
Magnetic Field (MHD) Effect on Nanofluid Heat Transfer, 3-D
Price: $54
In this project, nanofluid flows in a solid aluminum channel in the presence of an applied magnetic field.
Magnetic Field Effect on Nanofluid Heat Transfer (MHD), ANSYS Fluent CFD Simulation Training (3-D)
In this project, ANSYS Fluent software simulates nanofluid flows in a solid aluminum channel in an applied magnetic field. The fluid flow is steady and is simulated as one single-phase flow; however, the thermophysical properties of the nanofluid are calculated using the formulas below. The surface average of the nanofluid’s temperature is equal to 293.2 and 304.175K at the inlet and outlet, respectively.
where 
are density, viscosity, specific heat, and thermal conductivity coefficient of nano-fluid and volume fraction of nano-particles in fluid.
Geometry and mesh
The geometry of the fluid domain is designed in Spaceclaim and the computational grid is generated using Ansys Meshing. The mesh type is unstructured and the element number is 26000.
CFD Simulation
Critical assumptions:
- The solver type is assumed Pressure Based.
- Time formulation is assumed Steady.
- Gravity effects are neglected.
The following table is a summary of the defining steps of the problem and its solution.
Solver configurationModels | ||
| Energy | On | |
| Viscous | K-epsilon (standard) | Standard wall function |
| MHD model | MHD method | Magnetic induction |
| Solution control | Solve MHD equation (on) | |
| Include Lorentz force (on) | ||
| Include Joule heating (on) | ||
| Under relaxation (0.9) | ||
| Boundary condition | Solid outer wall (insulating wall) | |
| Fluid-solid interface (coupled wall) | ||
| External field B0 | B0 input option (patch) | |
| B0 component | Bx amplitude (1T) | |
| By amplitude (0T) | ||
| By amplitude (1T) | ||
Solver configurationMaterials | ||
| Fluid | Definition method | Fluent Database |
| Material name | NanoFluid (based on water, with modification) | |
| Density | 1312 kg/m3 | |
| Specific heat (Cp) | 3248 J/kg.K | |
| Thermal conductivity | 1.09387 w/m.K | |
| Viscosity | 0.0011 kg/m.s | |
| UDS diffusivity | constant | |
| Electrical conductivity | 1000000 siemens/m | |
| Magnetic permeability | 1.257e-6 | |
| Solid | Definition method | Fluent Database |
| Material name | Al (based on Aluminum with modification) | |
| Density | 2719 kg/m3 | |
| Specific heat (Cp) | 871 J/kg.K | |
| Thermal conductivity | 202.4 w/m.K | |
| UDS diffusivity | constant | |
| Electrical conductivity | 3.541e7 siemens/m | |
| Magnetic permeability | 1.257e-6 | |
Solver configurationCell zone conditions | ||
| Fluid | Material name | NanoFluid |
| Source terms | Mass (0) | |
| X momentum (1) | ||
| Y momentum (1) | ||
| Z momentum (1) | ||
| Turbulent kinetic energy (0) | ||
| Turbulent dissipation rate (0) | ||
| Energy (1) | ||
| B_x (1) | ||
| B_y (1) | ||
| B_z (1) | ||
| Solid | Material name | Aluminum |
| Source terms | Energy (2) 1. UDF MHD energy source 2. 1000000 w/m3 | |
| B_x (1) | ||
| B_y (1) | ||
| B_z (1) | ||
Solver configurationBoundary conditions | ||
| Inlet | Type | Velocity inlet |
| Velocity magnitude | 1 m/s | |
| Turbulence intensity | 5% | |
| Turbulent viscosity ratio | 10 | |
| Temperature | 293.2 K | |
| Outer Wall solid | Temperature | 320 K |
| Solver configurations | ||
| Pressure-velocity coupling | Scheme | SIMPLE |
| Spatial discretization | Gradient | Least square cell-based |
| Pressure | Second order | |
| Momentum | Second order Upwind | |
| Turbulent kinetic energy | First order upwind | |
| Turbulent dissipation rate | First order upwind | |
| Energy | Second order Upwind | |
| B_x | First order upwind | |
| B_y | First order upwind | |
| B_z | First order upwind | |
| Initialization | X velocity | 1 m/s |
| Temperature | 293.2 K | |
Magnetic Field Effect on Nanofluid Heat Transfer Results and Discussion
The nanofluid flow average temperature at the inlet and out location is 293.2 and 304.175K respectively in case of no magnetic field. In the case of considering the magnetic field, the temperature at the outlet increases to 305.14 K. Here are the plots of temperature and velocity changing along the centerline of the domain for the two cases:
Case without MHD
Case with MHD
A comparison between the outlet temperature of nano-fluid in the presence and absence of a magnetic field reveals the effectiveness of magnetic field application in the present work. Magnetic field application increases outlet temperature by about 1K.